Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth, and is the largest natural satellite in the Solar System 5. Moon did not have their own light source and light Moon light actually comes from the reflection of the sun.
The average distance from the center of the Earth-Moon to the center is 384 403 km, about 30 times the diameter of Earth. The diameter of the Moon is 3474 km, [1] is slightly smaller than a quarter the diameter of Earth. This means that the volume of the Moon is only about 2 percent of the volume of the Earth and the pull of gravity at its surface about 17 percent than the gravitational pull of the Earth. Moon orbit around the Earth once every 27.3 days (orbital period), and periodic variations in the Earth-Moon system and the Sun is responsible for the occurrence of the phases of the moon are repeated every 29.5 days (period sinodik).
The density of the Moon (3.4 g / cm ³) is lighter than the density of the Earth (5.5 g / cm ³), while the mass of the Moon is only 0.012 Earth masses.
Month Earth is pulled by gravity does not fall into the Earth caused by the centrifugal force arising from the Moon's orbit around the earth. The amount of centrifugal force the Moon is slightly larger than the gravitational force attraction between the Earth and Moon. This causes the Moon receding from Earth at about 3.8 cm / year.
Moon is in synchronous orbit with Earth, this led to only one side surface of the Moon that could be observed from Earth. Synchronous orbit with the rotation causes kala kala revolution.
In the month there is no air or water. Many craters on the surface of the moon proceeds caused by the blow of a comet or asteroid. The absence of air and water on the moon causes the absence of erosion craters on the moon caused many millions of years old and still intact. Among the largest is the Clavius crater with a diameter of 230 kilometers and 3.6 kilometers deep. In the absence of air also causes no sound can be heard on the Moon.
Moon is the only thing that had ever gone sky and landed humans. The first artificial object passing near the Moon was the Soviet Union's space probe, Luna 1, the first artificial object which strikes the surface of the Moon was Luna 2, and the first photograph the far side of the moon is never visible from Earth, taken by Luna 3, all these missions conducted in 1959. The first successful spacecraft landing was Luna 9, and the successful orbiting the Moon was Luna 10, both conducted in 1966. [1] belonging to the United States Apollo Program is the only manned missions to date, which made six manned landings between 1969 and 1972.
Circumstances when the full moon is perfectly round moon appears from Earth. At that time, Earth is located near a line between the Sun and the Moon, so the entire surface of the Moon is illuminated by the Sun is visible from the Earth.
The opposite is when the moon is dead, that is when the Moon is located on nearly aligned between the Sun and Earth, so the 'look' of the Earth is a dark side behind the Moon, alias does not appear anything.
In between that time and there is a state half moon crescent, ie when the position of the Moon to the Earth forming a certain angle toward the line of Earth - the Sun. At that time, only partially exposed surface of the Moon that the Sun is visible from Earth.
Origin - the proposal is not known for certain months, but the scientists found evidence that the Moon came from a big collision with the small planet earth named theira approximately 3 billion years ago, and produces dust which amounted to very much and orbiting around the earth and eventually become dust accumulate months. At first distance of the moon at first only about 30,000 miles or 15 times closer than the distance of the Moon to the Earth now. Months away from research results about 3.8 cm per year.
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